Ipulasitiki yenziwe ngani?Ingabe inobuthi?

Ipulasitiki yenziwe ngani?

Ipulasitiki yinto evamile yokwenziwa, eyaziwa nangokuthi ipulasitiki.Yenziwe ngezinhlanganisela ze-polymer ngokusabela kwe-polymerization, futhi ine-plasticity kanye nokusebenza kahle.Ipulasitiki isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, njengokupakisha, ukwakhiwa, izimoto, i-electronics nokunye.

Izingxenye eziyinhloko zepulasitiki ziyi-polymers, okuvame kakhulu okuyi-polyethylene (PE), i-polypropylene (PP), i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), i-polystyrene (PS) njalonjalo.Izinto ezahlukene zepulasitiki zinezici ezihlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa.Isibonelo, i-polyethylene inokuqina okuhle nokumelana nokugqwala, futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza izikhwama zepulasitiki neziqukathi;I-PVC inezindawo ezinhle zokumelana nesimo sezulu kanye nezindawo zokufaka ugesi, futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza amapayipi nezintambo zocingo.

Ingabe ipulasitiki inobuthi?

Umbuzo wokuthi ingabe ipulasitiki inobuthi kufanele ihlolwe ngokwezinto ezithile zepulasitiki.Ngokuvamile, izinto eziningi zepulasitiki ziphephile futhi azinangozi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa.Nokho, ezinye izinto zepulasitiki zingaqukatha amakhemikhali ayingozi empilweni yomuntu, njenge-Phthalates ne-bisphenol A (BPA).Lawa makhemikhali angase abe nomthelela ohlelweni lwe-endocrine lomzimba kanye nesistimu yokuzala.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, amazwe amaningi nezifunda zenze imithetho nezindinganiso ezifanele ukuze kukhawulwe ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziyingozi.Isibonelo, i-European Union yakhe imithetho ye-REACH ezintweni zepulasitiki, futhi i-United States FDA yakhe izindinganiso mayelana nezinto zokuxhumana zokudla.Le mithethonqubo kanye namazinga adinga abakhiqizi bepulasitiki ukuthi balawule okuqukethwe kwezinto eziyingozi ohlelweni lokukhiqiza futhi benze ukuhlolwa okufanelekile kanye nesitifiketi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa okufanele nokulahlwa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki nakho kuyisici esibalulekile sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha.Isibonelo, gwema ukubeka ukudla okushisayo noma uketshezi ukuthintana ngqo neziqukathi zepulasitiki ukuvimbela ukufuduka kwezinto eziyingozi;Gwema ukuchayeka isikhathi eside elangeni ukuze uvimbele ukuguga kwepulasitiki kanye nokukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi.

Ukufingqa, ipulasitiki yinto evamile yokwenziwa, eyenziwe ngama-polymers.Izinto eziningi zepulasitiki ziphephile futhi azinangozi ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zokusetshenziswa, kodwa ezinye izinto zepulasitiki zingase zibe namakhemikhali ayingozi empilweni yomuntu.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, kuyadingeka ukuhambisana nemithetho nezindinganiso ezifanele, kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele nokulahlwa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki.